{"id":11667,"date":"2022-03-03T19:26:29","date_gmt":"2022-03-03T18:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/?page_id=11667"},"modified":"2022-03-03T19:26:30","modified_gmt":"2022-03-03T18:26:30","slug":"esiste-un-identikit-dellinnovatore-di-successo","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/","title":{"rendered":"Existe-t-il un portrait-robot de l'innovateur qui r\u00e9ussit ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les caract\u00e9ristiques des personnes innovantes<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table des mati\u00e8res\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #1e73be;color:#1e73be\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #1e73be;color:#1e73be\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#Associating\" >Associer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#Questioning\" >Questionnement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#Observing\" >Observer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#Experimenting\" >Exp\u00e9rimentation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#Networking\" >Mise en r\u00e9seau<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#Come_aiutare_le_persone_a_innovare\" >Comment aider les gens \u00e0 innover ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#Riferimenti_bibliografici\" >R\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliographiques<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Les recherches men\u00e9es par Jeffrey Dyer, Hal Gregersen et Clayton Chistensen, publi\u00e9es en 2010, ont permis d'identifier cinq \"comp\u00e9tences de d\u00e9couvreur\" qui distinguent les personnes les plus cr\u00e9atives dans les contextes professionnels. Nous parlons des\u00a0<strong>L'ADN de l'innovateur<\/strong>. La question que nous devons nous poser est la suivante : les innovateurs naissent-ils ou deviennent-ils des innovateurs ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Associating\"><\/span>Associer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C'est la capacit\u00e9 de&nbsp;<strong>faire des associations<\/strong>&nbsp;permet de relier efficacement des questions, des probl\u00e8mes ou des id\u00e9es apparemment sans lien entre eux et constitue un \u00e9l\u00e9ment fondamental de l'ADN de l'innovateur.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Il arrive \u00e0 tout le monde d'acc\u00e9der \u00e0 une s\u00e9rie d'informations, d'\u00eatre expos\u00e9 \u00e0 des stimuli et d'observer. Au cours de ces activit\u00e9s, notre cerveau acquiert des informations, telles que des points fixes qui peuvent \u00eatre connect\u00e9s avec diff\u00e9rentes relations entre eux, et c'est notre capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 connecter et \u00e0 associer qui donne naissance \u00e0 une image\/un dessin plus ou moins d\u00e9fini(e). Chacun, en faisant des associations, g\u00e9n\u00e8re son propre dessin, sa propre<strong>&nbsp;carte mentale.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne est appel\u00e9 \"effet M\u00e9dicis\", en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 l'explosion cr\u00e9ative qui s'est produite \u00e0 Florence lorsque la famille M\u00e9dicis a r\u00e9uni des repr\u00e9sentants d'un large \u00e9ventail de disciplines - sculpteurs, scientifiques, po\u00e8tes, philosophes, peintres et architectes. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leurs interactions, de nouvelles id\u00e9es ont fleuri \u00e0 l'intersection de leurs domaines respectifs, donnant ainsi naissance \u00e0 la Renaissance, l'une des \u00e9poques les plus inventives de l'histoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 retenir : exposez-vous \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Questioning\"><\/span>Questionnement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Il y a plus de cinquante ans, Peter Drucker (essayiste et \u00e9crivain influent dans le domaine de la gestion) d\u00e9crivait l'efficacit\u00e9 de la gestion des ressources humaines.&nbsp;<strong>questions provocatrices<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\"L'important et le difficile n'est jamais de trouver les bonnes r\u00e9ponses<\/em>;&nbsp;<strong><em>est de trouver la bonne question\".<\/em><\/strong>\u00e9crit-il.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les innovateurs se posent constamment des questions qui&nbsp;<strong>question<\/strong>&nbsp;La logique traditionnelle et le statu quo. Les entrepreneurs innovants, en revanche, sont beaucoup plus enclins \u00e0 remettre en question les hypoth\u00e8ses.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans son livre&nbsp;<em>L'esprit opposable<\/em>Roger Martin \u00e9crit que les penseurs innovants \"<em>avoir la capacit\u00e9 de concevoir deux id\u00e9es diam\u00e9tralement oppos\u00e9es<\/em>.\" Et il explique : \"<em>Sans paniquer, ni se focaliser sur l'une ou l'autre alternative, ils sont capables de produire une synth\u00e8se sup\u00e9rieure aux deux id\u00e9es oppos\u00e9es<\/em>&#8220;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les menaces\/contraintes sont une source d'innovation ! Les questions les plus fructueuses imposent des contraintes \u00e0 notre r\u00e9flexion et agissent comme des catalyseurs d'id\u00e9es originales. La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 ou les contraintes aiguisent l'ing\u00e9niosit\u00e9 !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se demander ou demander \u00e0 d'autres d'imaginer une alternative compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rente peut conduire \u00e0 des id\u00e9es vraiment originales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Questions \u00e0 poser : Que se passerait-il si la loi nous interdisait de servir nos clients actuels ? Comment ferions-nous des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices l'ann\u00e9e prochaine ? Que feriez-vous si vous n'aviez pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 embauch\u00e9 cette personne, install\u00e9 cette machine, mis en \u0153uvre ce processus, acquis cette entreprise ou poursuivi cette strat\u00e9gie ? Feriez-vous la m\u00eame chose qu'aujourd'hui ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 retenir : poser des questions \u00e0 soi-m\u00eame et aux autres, questionner sans pr\u00e9sumer !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Observing\"><\/span>Observer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les 40% nouvelles id\u00e9es dans une entreprise viennent de l'ext\u00e9rieur et non de l'int\u00e9rieur.&nbsp;<strong>Observer&nbsp;<\/strong>ce que font les autres, non seulement dans votre entreprise, mais aussi \u00e0 l'ext\u00e9rieur, dans d'autres contextes - regardez \u00e0 l'ext\u00e9rieur de votre propre jardin - observez les v\u00f4tres&nbsp;<strong>clients<\/strong>leur propre&nbsp;<strong>fournisseurs<\/strong>&nbsp;et leur propre&nbsp;<strong>concurrents<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les innovateurs recherchent soigneusement, intentionnellement et constamment de petits d\u00e9tails comportementaux - dans les activit\u00e9s des clients, des fournisseurs et d'autres entreprises - afin d'obtenir des informations sur de nouvelles fa\u00e7ons de faire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les observateurs exp\u00e9rimentent toutes les techniques possibles pour essayer de voir le monde sous un angle diff\u00e9rent. Akio Toyoda, pr\u00e9sident de la Toyota Motor Corportation, applique r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement la philosophie de l'observateur.&nbsp;<em>genchi genbutsu<\/em>&nbsp;- Allez voir sur place de quoi Toyota s'inspire. L'observation directe fait structurellement partie de la culture du grand constructeur automobile japonais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Demander ne suffit pas. Il faut observer. Henry Ford dit : \"<em>Si j'avais demand\u00e9 \u00e0 mes clients ce qu'ils voulaient, leur r\u00e9ponse aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 : \"des chevaux plus rapides\".<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 emporter : observez les clients et \u00e9mettez des hypoth\u00e8ses sur de nouvelles fa\u00e7ons de cr\u00e9er de la valeur pour les clients en observant leur comportement. Observez les fournisseurs car ils peuvent vous donner des id\u00e9es ! Observez les concurrents car ils peuvent vous inspirer !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Experimenting\"><\/span>Exp\u00e9rimentation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Edison, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre entrepreneur et inventeur am\u00e9ricain (\u00e9galement inventeur de l'ampoule \u00e9lectrique), a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 :&nbsp;<em>Je n'ai pas \u00e9chou\u00e9. J'ai juste trouv\u00e9 dix mille solutions qui ne fonctionnent pas<\/em>.<br>Le monde commence et se termine avec leur atelier. Par l'interm\u00e9diaire du&nbsp;<strong>exp\u00e9rimentation<\/strong>&nbsp;d\u00e9veloppe les<em>&nbsp;l'apprentissage par la pratique.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Contrairement aux observateurs, qui \u00e9tudient intensivement le monde, les exp\u00e9rimentateurs construisent des exp\u00e9riences interactives et tentent de provoquer des r\u00e9actions h\u00e9t\u00e9rodoxes pour voir quelles indications peuvent \u00e9merger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Un proverbe chinois souligne l'importance de la pratique et de l'exp\u00e9rimentation :&nbsp;<em>J'oublie ce que j'entends - je me souviens de ce que je vois - je comprends ce que je fais.<\/em><br>L'importance de faire, de pratiquer, d'exp\u00e9rimenter, de faire des erreurs !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 retenir : ne vous privez pas de la possibilit\u00e9 d'essayer, d'exp\u00e9rimenter et d'\u00e9chouer - c'est par l'\u00e9chec que l'on apprend !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Networking\"><\/span>Mise en r\u00e9seau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Si les innovations viennent de l'ext\u00e9rieur, il est important de cr\u00e9er des canaux par lesquels les nouvelles id\u00e9es, les ressources, etc. peuvent circuler.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consacrer du temps et de l'\u00e9nergie au d\u00e9veloppement et \u00e0 l'exp\u00e9rimentation d'id\u00e9es dans le cadre d'un projet de recherche.<strong>&nbsp;r\u00e9seau<\/strong>&nbsp;Le r\u00e9seau de personnes issues de milieux h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes offre aux innovateurs une perspective totalement diff\u00e9rente. Le r\u00e9seau doit comprendre des relations fr\u00e9quentes et structur\u00e9es (<strong>liens \u00e9troits<\/strong>) et des rapports ponctuels, divers, vari\u00e9s (<strong>liens faibles<\/strong>).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les entrepreneurs innovants souhaitent rencontrer des personnes ayant des id\u00e9es et des perspectives diff\u00e9rentes afin d'\u00e9largir leurs connaissances.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c0 retenir : soyons ouverts \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 et cultivons non seulement les relations \u00e9tablies, mais aussi les nouvelles relations, les spots, en sortant des \"sentiers battus\" pour explorer de nouvelles voies !&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Come_aiutare_le_persone_a_innovare\"><\/span>Comment aider les gens \u00e0 innover ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les entreprises innovantes permettent \u00e0 leurs employ\u00e9s de :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Faire des observations<\/li><li>Faire des associations<\/li><li>Poser des questions et interroger<\/li><li>Mise en r\u00e9seau et activation des relations<\/li><li>Exp\u00e9rimentation&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Si nous voulons avoir des personnes pr\u00e9sentant ces caract\u00e9ristiques, nous devons le faire :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>En ce qui concerne la s\u00e9lection des personnes, outre les comp\u00e9tences verticales sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es, les cinq comp\u00e9tences suivantes sont n\u00e9cessaires.<\/li><li>Cr\u00e9ez les conditions internes pour que cela se produise.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Investir dans la formation et ouvrir la forma mentis \u00e9galement avec une mise \u00e0 jour continue des comp\u00e9tences (<em>am\u00e9lioration des comp\u00e9tences\u00a0<\/em>e<em>\u00a0requalification<\/em>).<br>La capacit\u00e9 d'innovation d'un individu n'est pas une pr\u00e9disposition g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, c'est le r\u00e9sultat d'un engagement actif. Le slogan d'Apple,\u00a0<em>Penser diff\u00e9remment<\/em>est suggestive mais incompl\u00e8te.\u00a0<br>Pour penser diff\u00e9remment, les innovateurs doivent\u00a0<strong>agir diff\u00e9remment<\/strong>Comprendre, renforcer et institutionnaliser l'action de l'Union europ\u00e9enne dans le domaine des droits de l'homme.\u00a0<strong>L'ADN de l'innovateur<\/strong>\u00a0les entreprises peuvent trouver des moyens d'allumer plus efficacement l'\u00e9tincelle cr\u00e9ative chez tous les employ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Riferimenti_bibliografici\"><\/span>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences bibliographiques<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Dyer, J., Gregersen, H.B et Christensen. C.M. L'ADN de l'innovateur. Harvard Business Review&nbsp;<\/li><li>Pisano G. 2019. La dure v\u00e9rit\u00e9 sur les cultures innovantes. Harvard Business Review&nbsp;<\/li><li>Mazzucato, M. 2014. Lo stato innovatore. \u00c9ditions Laterza&nbsp;<\/li><li>Shilling, M. 2017. Innovation Management, McGraw-Hill<\/li><li>Sobrero, M. 1999. Le management de l'innovation : strat\u00e9gie, organisation et techniques op\u00e9rationnelles. Carocci&nbsp;<\/li><li>Sorensen, J.B et Fassiotto M.A. 2011. Organisations as fonts of entrepreneurship. Organization Science 22 (5)<\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les caract\u00e9ristiques des personnes innovantes Les recherches men\u00e9es par Jeffrey Dyer, Hal Gregersen et Clayton Chistensen, publi\u00e9es en 2010, ont permis d'identifier cinq \"qualit\u00e9s de d\u00e9couvreur\" qui distinguent les personnes les plus cr\u00e9atives dans le monde des affaires. Parlons de l'ADN de l'innovateur. La question que nous devons nous poser est la suivante : les innovateurs sont ... <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"Existe-t-il un portrait-robot de l&#039;innovateur qui r\u00e9ussit ?\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/aedic.eu\/fr\/il-y-a-un-kit-didentite-de-linnovateur-qui-reussit\/#more-11667\" aria-label=\"Plus sur Existe-t-il un portrait-robot de l&#039;innovateur \u00e0 succ\u00e8s ?\">Lire plus<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"iawp_total_views":16,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"rankMath":{"parentDomain":"aedic.eu","noFollowDomains":[],"noFollowExcludeDomains":[],"noFollowExternalLinks":true,"featuredImageNotice":"L\u2019image en vedette devrait \u00eatre au moins 200 par 200 pixels pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 par Facebook et d\u2019autres sites de m\u00e9dias 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